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Vaccination against Flavobacterium psychrophilum in rainbow trout
Injection vaccines are not commonly used in fish. Is the recently tested injection vaccine against Flavobacterium psychrophilum in rainbow trout really an effective alternativecompared with the `classic` vaccine? It is, as this very interesting study shows.

Efficacy of mineral oil-based experimental injection vaccines against Flavobacterium psychrophilum were tested in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum), under laboratory and field conditions.

The vaccines consisted of formalin- or heat-inactivated whole bacterium cell preparations of two different serotypes (Fd and Th) or a combination of serologically different F. psychrophilum (Fd and/or Th and/or FpT;Th).

Specific antibody responses against the bacterium in plasma and skin mucus were evaluated post-vaccination with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

Efficacy of the vaccinations was determined by challenge trials to F. psychrophilum with the vaccinated rainbow trout.

Significantly higher antibody levels in plasma were detected in vaccinated fish compared with mock-vaccinated fish.

Injection vaccination did not trigger specific antibody production in the skin mucus. Significantly higher survival of i.p. vaccinated fish compared with non-vaccinated fish was observed during the challenge.

The results suggest that mineral oil-based injectable vaccines containing formalin- or heat-inactivated virulent cells of F. psychrophilum effectively triggered specific antibody production and protected the fish against bacterial cold water disease.


Source: Madetoja, J, Lönnström, L-G, Björkblom, C, Uluköy, G, Bylund, G, Syvertsen, C, Gravningen, K, Norderhus, E-A & Wiklund, T (2006): Efficacy of injection vaccines against Flavobacterium psychrophilum in rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss (Walbaum). In: Journal of Fish Diseases 29 (1), 9-20.











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SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE

Reference intervals for blood parameters in Shetland Sheepdogsmembers
Several breeds have physiological peculiarities that induce variations in reference intervals (RIs) compared with the general canine population. Shetland sheepdogs (SSs) are reported to be more predisposed to different diseases (eg, hyperlipidemia, gallbladder mucocele, and hypothyroidism). Consequently, a breedâ€specific approach is more often required. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine whether the RIs of the general canine population could be applied to that of SSs, and to generate breedâ€specific RIs, where appropriate.

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