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Prostaglandin-analysis to differentiate between pyometra and cystic endometrial hyperplasia
Sometimes a difficult question since the clinical signs can be identical: does the bitch suffer from cystic endometrial hyperplasia or from pyometra or mucometra? This brandnew study from Sweden is very helpful - if special metabolites of PGF2alpha can be measured in the laboratory, the differentiation is a lot easier and even can predict the severity of uterine diseases.

Bitches with pyometra are potential emergency cases which may be clinically difficult to differentiate from cases of cystic endometrial hyperplasia (CEH) in combination with mucometra.

In the present study plasma prostaglandin F(2alpha), as measured by its main metabolite 15-keto-13,14-dihydro-PGF(2alpha) (PG-metabolite) concentrations, blood biochemical and hematological parameters were measured in 59 bitches with pyometra, 10 bitches with CEH and nine controls to determine if PG-metabolite could differentiate between the three uterine conditions.

Bitches with pyometra had significantly higher plasma levels of PG-metabolite than bitches with CEH (P=0.002) and the controls (P=0.002).

PG-metabolite analysis alone had a high sensitivity (98.3%) and a high specificity (80.0%) for the differentiation of pyometra versus CEH in bitches where fluid in the uterus was diagnosed.

When a combination of PG-metabolite and percentage band neutrophils (PBN) was used for differentiation of the two diagnoses, a sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 90.0% was obtained.

This means that the combination of PG-metabolite and PBN analysis allows for differentiation between cases of pyometra and CEH.

If the PG-metabolite level in a bitch is >or=4,524 pmol l(-1), there is a 99% probability of the diagnosis pyometra versus CEH.

Levels of PG-metabolite >or=3,054 pmol l(-1), >or=2,388 pmol l(-1) or>or=1,666 pmol l(-1) indicates a 95%, 90% or 80% probability of pyometra, respectively.

At high PG-metabolite levels (above about 3,000 pmol l(-1)), PG-metabolite alone is enough for differentiation of pyometra versus CEH.

The results of the present study showed that PG-metabolite analysis is valuable in the diagnosis and prediction of severity of uterine diseases.


Source: Hagman R, Kindahl H, Fransson BA, Bergstrom A, Holst BS, Lagerstedt AS. (2006): Differentiation between pyometra and cystic endometrial hyperplasia/mucometra in bitches by prostaglandin F2alpha metabolite analysis. In: Theriogenology. 2006 Jul 15;66(2):198-206.



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SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE

Reference intervals for blood parameters in Shetland Sheepdogsmembers
Several breeds have physiological peculiarities that induce variations in reference intervals (RIs) compared with the general canine population. Shetland sheepdogs (SSs) are reported to be more predisposed to different diseases (eg, hyperlipidemia, gallbladder mucocele, and hypothyroidism). Consequently, a breedâ€specific approach is more often required. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine whether the RIs of the general canine population could be applied to that of SSs, and to generate breedâ€specific RIs, where appropriate.

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