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Do we use the wrong allergen concentrations for intradermal skin testing?
Intradermal skin test (IDT) is thought to be the gold standard to identify the causing allergens in canine atopic dermatitis. But are the allergen concentrations we use adequate? A substantial question, and the result of this recently published study says: most of our histamine and allergen concentrations are not optimal!

The purpose of this study was to determine the optimal histamine concentration and allergen threshold concentrations for canine intradermal testing.

Thirty healthy dogs were tested using two different concentrations of histamine and four different concentrations of each allergen. The optimal histamine concentration was determined to be 1:10 000 w/v.

The threshold concentration was at least 1750 PNU/mL for all tested grasses, weeds, trees, moulds and insects, except for fleas which was as least 1:500 w/v.

For Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, the optimal threshold concentration was 250 PNU/mL, whereas for Dermatophagoides farinae and Tyrophagus putrescentiae, it was 100 PNU/mL.

Threshold concentration for all epidermals except human dander was at least 1250 PNU/mL. T
he optimal threshold concentration for human dander was 300 PNU/mL.

Our results suggest that the currently used 1:100 000 w/v concentration of histamine and the 1000 PNU/mL concentration for most grasses, weeds, trees, moulds, epidermals and insects may not be appropriate for canine intradermal testing.


Source: HENSEL, PATRICK, AUSTEL, MICHAELA, MEDLEAU, LINDA, ZHAO, YING & VIDYASHANKAR, ANAND (2004) :Determination of threshold concentrations of allergens and evaluation of two different histamine concentrations in canine intradermal testing. In: Veterinary Dermatology 15 (5), 304-308.




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SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE

Reference intervals for blood parameters in Shetland Sheepdogsmembers
Several breeds have physiological peculiarities that induce variations in reference intervals (RIs) compared with the general canine population. Shetland sheepdogs (SSs) are reported to be more predisposed to different diseases (eg, hyperlipidemia, gallbladder mucocele, and hypothyroidism). Consequently, a breedâ€specific approach is more often required. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine whether the RIs of the general canine population could be applied to that of SSs, and to generate breedâ€specific RIs, where appropriate.

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