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Sex reversal syndrome in a mare
Mares behaving like stallions are sometimes seen in veterinary practice. They often cause problems in handling, riding and so on. In this case report, an unusual diagnosis in such a mare finally could be made: She had hormonal problems, called testicular feminization syndrome!

A 5-year-old Thoroughbred mare was subjected to cytogenetic and molecular analysis because of infertility and masculine behaviour. Chromosome studies, including painting with the whole X chromosome specific probe, revealed a male chromosome complement (64,XY).

The PCR amplification of the SRY and ZFY genes showed the presence of both those genes, while the endocrinological study demonstrated a high level of testosterone (9.7 nmol/l).

Sequencing of the SRY gene (1121 bp), comprising also 5`- and 3`-UTRs, did not reveal any differences when compared with the sequence of normal stallions.

It was proposed that this mare represents the androgen insensitivity syndrome (testicular feminization syndrome).



Source: Switonski, M., Chmurzynska, A., Szczerbal, I., Lipczynski, A., Yang, F. & Nowicka-Posuszna, A. (2005): Sex reversal syndrome (64,XY; SRY-positive) in a mare demonstrating masculine behaviour. In: Journal of Animal Breeding and Genetics 122 (s1), 60-63.




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EQUINE

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An 11â€yearâ€old Trakehner gelding was presented for evaluation of lethargy, decreased appetite, mild icterus, and elevated hepatic enzyme activities. Physical examination, serum chemistry results, and liver biopsy histopathologic findings were supportive of Theiler`s disease. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing results of serum and liver tissue were positive for nonprimate (equine) hepacivirus (NPHV) and a novel equine parvovirusâ€hepatitis virus (EqPVâ€H). A serious and finally fatal problem, caused by contaminated vaccine.

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