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S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine (SAMe) as antidote in acetaminophen toxicity
Intoxications are commonly seen in the emergency care units, and mostly young dogs are affected. Not always are antidots available. This interesting case report documents that S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine (SAMe) is an effective therapeutic option in acetaminophen toxicity.

An 8-month-old, spayed female Shetland sheepdog presented 48 hours after ingesting acetaminophen (1 gm/kg body weight).

On presentation, the dog was laterally recumbent and hypovolemic.

The dog had brown mucous membranes, severe Heinz-body hemolytic anemia, bleeding tendencies, and a red blood cell (RBC) glutathione (GSH) concentration that was 10% of reference values, despite a regenerative erythroid response.

Treatment with s-adenosyl-l-methionine (SAMe) as a GSH donor successfully rescued this dog, despite the animalÂ’s late presentation after drug ingestion.

A loading dose (40 mg/kg body weight) of a stable SAMe salt per os was followed by a maintenance dose (20 mg/kg body weight) sid for 7 days. Additional therapeutic interventions included an intravenous (IV) infusion of one unit of packed RBCs (on admission), IV fluid support (3 days), and famotidine (7 days) to reduce gastric acidity.

Sequential assessment of RBC GSH concentrations and RBC morphology documented response to antidote administration within 72 hours.

This case suggests that SAMe may provide a therapeutic option for treatment of acetaminophen toxicosis in dogs capable of retaining an orally administered antidote and maintaining adequate hepatic function for metabolism of SAMe to its thiol substrates.


Source: Kevin P. Wallace, Sharon A. Center, Fiona H. Hickford, Karen L. Warner, Scott Smith (2002): S-Adenosyl-L-Methionine (SAMe) for the Treatment of Acetaminophen Toxicity in a Dog. In: Journal of the American Animal Hospital Association 38:246-254 (2002)







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SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE

Reference intervals for blood parameters in Shetland Sheepdogsmembers
Several breeds have physiological peculiarities that induce variations in reference intervals (RIs) compared with the general canine population. Shetland sheepdogs (SSs) are reported to be more predisposed to different diseases (eg, hyperlipidemia, gallbladder mucocele, and hypothyroidism). Consequently, a breedâ€specific approach is more often required. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine whether the RIs of the general canine population could be applied to that of SSs, and to generate breedâ€specific RIs, where appropriate.

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