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Predator mobbing in birds - new insights
Predator mobbing has been viewed as an adaptation to reduce the risk of predation. But factors influencing mobbing behaviour are still debated. This is a very interesting experimental study on two species of forest warblers for all colleagues with special interest in ethology!

We report on the results of an experiment with Dendroica caerulescens and Dendroica virens designed to determine (1) whether mobbing response by forest songbirds during the breeding season is restricted by territory boundaries, (2) the distance songbirds will move in response to anti-predator mobbing calls, and (3) whether reproductive status, age, and time of the breeding season determine the distance moved to mob.

We did not detect an effect of reproductive status, age, or time of breeding season on the distance moved by birds to mob.

All birds responded to the mobbing playback within their territory (defined by territorial defence in relation to specific song playbacks).

The maximum distance moved within a territory to engage in mobbing ranged from 25 to 175 m (= 72 ± 6 m).

Three of 37 birds responded to playbacks outside their territory boundaries.

In all three cases, maximum movement distances outside territories were short (25 m).

Thus, for two species of warblers, mobbing is highly constrained by territory boundaries during the breeding season.

This finding is congruent with arguments that mobbing is primarily a selfish behaviour, at least with respect to conspecifics.

Our results also provide support for the `move-on` hypothesis.


Source: Betts, Matthew G., Hadley, Adam S. & Doran, Patrick J. (2005): Avian Mobbing Response is Restricted by Territory Boundaries: Experimental Evidence from Two Species of Forest Warblers. In: Ethology 111 (9), 821-835.





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SMALL ANIMAL PRACTICE

Reference intervals for blood parameters in Shetland Sheepdogsmembers
Several breeds have physiological peculiarities that induce variations in reference intervals (RIs) compared with the general canine population. Shetland sheepdogs (SSs) are reported to be more predisposed to different diseases (eg, hyperlipidemia, gallbladder mucocele, and hypothyroidism). Consequently, a breedâ€specific approach is more often required. Thus, the aim of this study was to determine whether the RIs of the general canine population could be applied to that of SSs, and to generate breedâ€specific RIs, where appropriate.

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