Veterinary Ophthalmology: Ocular diseases, eye disorders in animals: dogs, cats, horses

Vetcontact	Events	Presentations	Posters	Case Studies	Speciality Organisations
CPD		Forum	Products	Login/Newsletter

		OPHTHALMOLOGY

Tear ferning test and its correlation with ocular surface evaluation in horses
Thirty male and female adult healthy horses (60 eyes), of no defined breed, were included in this online published study. Its objective was to describe the tear ferning test (TFT) in healthy horses and its correlation with other parameters for evaluating the ocular surface.

Keratoconjunctival effects of diabetes mellitus
Diabetes mellitus remains an important metabolic disease in dogs which is known to cause problems in different organ systems. Especially the eyes are affected. But what exactly happens in the eye? A brandnew and fascinating study!

Mydriatics, intraocular pressure and pupil size in the normal feline eye
Mydriatics are commonly used in eye examinations in all species. In daily practice, nobody is wondering whether these diagnostics could influence the intraocular pressure. A very interesting new study on healthy cats from Vienna.

90Sr-beta plesiotherapy in the management of canine limbal melanoma
Limbal neoplasias are common especially in older dogs, and most of them are benigne. But what is the best choice if they are melanomas? Is surgery alone sufficient or should it be combined with radiotherapy? An interesting study on 30 dogs...

Corneal ulcers - the major source of ocular pain in horses
Ulceration is the most common corneal problem and frequently poses a substantial threat to vision, because subsequent infection can rapidly lead to devastating and painful ocular disease. The cited article gives an excellent summary with impressive clinical slides about corneal diseases.

Prevalence and therapy of ulcerative keratitis in Japanese thoroughbred racehorses
Ulcerative keratitis in horses is more frequent than previously thought, at least in Japan, as this brandnew retrospective study illustrates: Nearly 3000 racehorses of the Japan Racing Association (JRA) were affected from 1997 to 2008! This study describes etiologies, healing times, and results of microbial culture and susceptibility testing of corneal ulcers.

Does equine serum support the proliferation of Str. zooepidemicus or Ps. aeruginosa?
Sterile equine serum is used in the therapy of certain ophthalmologic diseases. The question was raised if pathogenic bacteria like Streptococcus zooepidemicus or Pseudomonas aeruginosa are supported in their proliferation if equine serum administered via a simulated subpalpebral lavage system (SPL). A very important study - the medication is done to cure the patient an not to provide him with pathogenic bacteria!

Iris abscesses in horses - clinical and histological findings
Iris abscesses are rarely seen in horses, but if they are diagnosed, they can be both infectious or non-infectious. In this recentliy published study, the medical records of two Quarterhorses, one pony, one warmblood, one Westphalian, and one Arab horse with unilateral iris abscesses were evaluated - and not all of them required surgery.

Keratomycosis in horses: clinical signs and outcome
A study including 30 horses from the mid-Atlantic USA had been published recently: It determined the clinical course and outcome associated with keratomycosis. Inclusion criteria were positive fungal culture, exclusion criterias ulcerative keratitis and a negative fungal culture as well as stromal abscesses. The results including subject details, history, clinical findings, therapy and outcome are very interesting not only for that region but also for other areas were fungal keratitides are a problem.

Immunologic changes in equine recurrent uveitis
Equine recurrent uveitis (ERU) is a disease with high prevalence and relevance for the equine population, since it results in blindness. Over the last decade, important advancements have been made in our understanding of the underlying immune responses in this disease. This excellent review article from Munich summarizes most significant developments in uveitis immune response research.

Photodynamic therapy in equine periocular squamous cell carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinomas are malignant and often hard to treat, especially if they are found on anatomical sites like the periocular region: Aggressive surgery is impossible and aggressive radiotherapy is limited by the eye which is nearby. Is photodynamic therapy that is already successully used in other neoplasias a therapeutic option?

Incidence of ophthalmologic abnormalities in retired racing greyhounds
Greyhounds can be very special- for example they have lower `normal` basal thyroxin levels compared with other breeds. Do they also tend to show ocular abnormalities without any clinical signs before? A very interesting study concluding that ophthalmic abnormalities are not uncommon in retired racing Greyhounds.

Pharmacokinetics of ciprofloxacin eyedrops in horses
Fluoroquinolon antibiotics are commonly used in many species. This interesting study evaluates the pharmacokinetics of topically applied ciprofloxacin 0.3% ophthalmic solution in tears of 20 healthy adult, mixed-breed horses. Do they differ from other species like rabbits or humans?

Orbital sialocele after bulbus enucleation in a dog (case report)
Parotid duct transposition is still a popular surgical technique to treat dogs with keratoconjunctivitis sicca. Also the patient in this extremely interesting case report had this surgery five years before - and developed a sialocele after the bulbus had to be enucleated. Which therapy can be recommended now?

Solid intraocular xanthogranuloma in Miniature Schnauzers
Foam cells represent macrophages that contain abundant intracytoplasmic lipid - normally nothing to worry about. But what happens if they form a solid intraocular mass? This collection of four cases submitted to the Comparative Ocular Pathology Laboratory of Wisconsin describes not only the histopathologic findings. One interesting clinical aspect: All eyes were enucleated because of glaucoma, and all dogs had hyperlipidemia.

In vivo confocal microscopy in the normal corneas of different species
A very interesting study has been performed recently at the University of Munich: the applicability of in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) in veterinary ophthalmology was evaluated and the morphology of living, healthy cornea of 37 dogs, 34 cats and 5 birds was analyzed - with a non-invasive diagnostic technique. How are the results?.

Mitomycin C as an adjunctive treatment for equine ocular squamous cell carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinomas are often very difficult to treat especially if they grow in areas like the eye. Often surgical excision or radiotherapy are not possible and an adjunctive therapy becomes very important. Is topical mitomycin C an alternative to laser ablation?

Proteases in the preocular tear film and the cornea
Maintenance and repair of corneal stromal extracellular matrix (ECM) requires a tightly coordinated balance of ECM synthesis, degradation and remodeling in which proteolytic enzymes (proteinases) perform important functions. A key role in this mechanism play natural proteinase inhibitors. A very interesting study from the USA!

Retina changes in horses with Borna disease
Borna disease (BD) is a fatal disorder of horses, often characterized by blindness. Although degeneration of retinal neurons has been demonstrated in a rat model, there are controversial data concerning whether a similar degeneration occurs in the retina of infected horses. A brandnew study from Leipzig, Germany, gives a lot of new insights...

Congenital ocular defects in Australian Shepherd dogs in Australia
Australian Shepherd Dogs have become a very popular breed in various countries. Do they have a breed predisposition for special ocular diseases? They do, as this new retrospective survey illustrates - the first known such study conducted for this breed.

Conjunctival brush cytology from horses
Which cells are observed in conjunctival brush cytology (CBC) from normal horses in comparison with conjunctival structural histology? A very interesting new study.

Classification of feline intraocular neoplasms
Intraocular neoplasms in cats are often associated with ruptured lenses. Which tumors are the most common in cats? A very interesting study!

Eyelid surgery in dogs and cats
Abnormalities in eyelid position and function can lead to chronic irritation of cornea and conjunctiva - with severe consequences which can lead to the loss of the eye. Surgery is the therapy of choice. Several techniques for reconstruction of upper and lower eyelid defects are described in detail in this excellent paper.

Thermal cautery in superficial corneal wounds of dogs and horses
Spontaneous chronic corneal epithelial defects are a common problem in middle aged to older dogs and also sometimes in horses. They can be very frustrating since they show a poor healing tendency. Various therapies are described - what about the use of a thermal cauter?

Nonhealing corneal ulcers in cats
Corneal ulcers in cats are less common than in dogs. But what should be recommended when they are diagnosed? The same therapy than in dogs? In this study, the mean healing times after debridement, debridement with grid keratotomy, and superficial keratectomy in cats with nonhealing corneal ulcers are compared. Cats are no small dogs - grid keratectomy for example seems to predispose for corneal sequestration!

Diabetes mellitus and cataracts: early intervention is recommended
Bilateral cataract formation is commonly seen in dogs with diabetes mellitus and is often neglected by owner and/or veterinarian. The wrong decision, as this new study illustrates: 30 of the 40 `cataract eyes` developed a spontaneous rupture of the lens capsule - before a surgery was performed...

Elective phacofragmentation and the corneal thickness in dogs
Phacofragmentation has become a standard procedure in cataract surgery. But who knows what happens to the corneal thickness after this procedure? This recently published study tries to characterize the short- and intermediate-term effects of elective phacofragmentation on central corneal thickness (CCT) - with surprising results!

Posterior capsular opacification after cataract surgery
Posterior capsular opacification (PCO) is the most common postoperative complication of contemporary cataract surgery. Is there a difference between diabetic and non-diabetic dogs? A very informative new study!

Use of the nictitans cartilage to repair a corneoscleral defect in a cat (case report)
First, a limbal melanoma had to be excised in the patient, and then the resulting corneoscleral defect had to be repaired. The colleagues from Japan had a simple idea how to solve this problem: the third eyelid cartilage. And were very satisfied with the result!

Conjunctival hemangioma and hemangiosarcoma in the dog
Conjunctival tumors of vascular endothelial origin in the dog are common but often not diagnosed. What is the epidemiology and are there risk factors for these tumors? A very interesting new study including more than 100 cases! With interesting results - UV light for example seems to be a strong risk factor!

Antiretinal autoantibodies in dogs with sudden acquired retinal degeneration
Sudden acquired retinal degeneration syndrome (SARDS) is one of the fulminant eye diseases that are often misdiagnosed and can lead to permanent loss of vision. Is there a diagnostic aid like serum autoantibodies which can help to make the diagnosis easier and perhaps earlier? Unfortunately not, as this new study shows...

Primary Aspergillus and Fusarium keratitis in a Cow
Keratitis in cows is not really exciting, but this case is very special because of the causative agents.

Does extended wear of a tight necktie increase intraocular pressure?
A very important question since neckties are commonly used in dogs. This study shows that these neckties have more effects on the intraocular pressure than previously thought - and within minutes!

First diagnosed extranodal conjunctival Hodgkin`s-like lymphoma in a cat
A very interesting case report starting with a patient showing the common and non-specific clinical sign conjunctivitis. But it was only unilateral and already lasting for 4 months - and the popliteal lymph node was swollen...

Zygomatic salivary cyst with mucocele in a cat
Cysts of the salivary glands are sometimes seen in dogs but very rare in cats. In this species a fluctuating swelling under the eye has a lot of other more likely differential diagnoses. A very interesting case report!

Change of corneal endothelial cells during the life in healthy dogs
A very important and interesting evaluation: Various tissues are described to show changes in morphology in different ages. It is important to know the `normal` morphology of corneal cells at different ages before one can decide what is pathologic.

Dacryocystomaxillorhinostomy to treat chronic dacryocystitis
Chronic dacryocystitis is not too common, but if it occurs, it can be difficult to find an effective therapy. In this very interesting case report surgery is the therapy of choice. And it was very effective in short AND in long-term outcome!

Hereditary glaucoma in Shiba Inus due to pectinate ligament dysplasia?
A very interesting study, although Shiba Inu dogs are not too popular in Europe. But at least the Japanese dogs of this breed seem to be predisposed to develop glaucoma - and a dysplasia of the pectinate ligament seems to be a plausible explanation for this.

Fluorescein angiography of the ocular fundus in healthy sheep and goats
Fluorescein drops are used to diagnose corneal defects in all species. But there are also other indications on the eye, as this study shows: Intravenously administered fluorescein allows the angiography of the retinal vasculature. Due to the large size of the fundic vessels in sheep and goats, fluorescein angiography can facilitate the study of the different vascular diseases in these species.

Effects of medetomidine and medetomidine-butorphanol combination on tear production
If a xylazine-ketamine combination is used, everybody is used to apply artificial tears. But how do you manage this with the very popular medetomidine or medetomidine-butorphanol combination? It is also indicated, as this very interesting new study shows!!

Rebound tonometer (ICare�) versus applanation tonometer (Tonopen XL�) in normotensive dogs
Recently, the rebound tonometer (ICare®) was introduced. Is it comparable or even better than the `classic` well-known applanation tonometer Tonopen XL®? An important question! The answer after this study on the intraocular pressure (IOP) in normal canine eyes: New does not necessarily mean better!

Collie eye anomaly in a non-Collie breed
Collie eye anomaly is a well-described problem in collies but not known in other breeds. This very interesting case report describes a dog with tetraparesis which was not a collie and showed a bilateral optic nerve coloboma and severe choroidal hypoplasia and also a lymphoma within the spinal cord. Is there a relationship between these two findings?

Adult-Onset Cerebellar Cortical Abiotrophy and Retinal Degeneration in a cat
Ataxia and visual deficits are common reasons to present a cat at the veterinarian. There are many differentials to consider. But this is a very unusual one: an adult-onset cerebellar cortical abiotrophy and retinal degeneration. The diagnosis was made post mortem!

Eye scans for show cattle in New Mexico
Various techniques are under evaluation to identify humans and animals: Microchips, DNA analysis, fingerprints, eye scans etc. Now a new technique is introduced in show cattle in New Mexico: their retinae are scanned since every retina is unique!

Oral doxycycline, niacinamide and prednisolone in bilateral nodular granulomatous conjunctivitis
The combination of doxycycline and niacinamide is commonly used to treat certain autoimmune or immune mediated skin problems in dogs. But obviously it can also be very helpful to treat ocular diseases like a nodular granulomatous conjunctivitis of the third eyelid. A very interesting case report from Australia.

The influence of bimatoprost and unoprostone isopropyl on the intraocular pressure of cats
An interesting and important question: do these eye medications have effects on the paramaters of intraocular pressure (IOP), pupillary diameter (PD), blepharospasm score, conjunctival injection score, and aqueous humor flare score on the eyes of healthy cats?

Disciplines

Breed-specific chorioretinopathy in Borzoi dogs
Breed-related eye diseases remain a serious problem for both breeders and owners - and of course for the affected dogs. Lots of important research needs to be done, like this very interesting large study in more than 100 Borzoi dogs in western Canada. The results are very interesting, showing that the mode of inheritance is rather difficult and that there are also important acquiring factors.

Multicentric intravascular lymphoma in the nervous system of a dog (case report)
Multicentric lymphomas belong to the most common diagnosed neoplasias in the dog and tend to respond very well to chemotherapy. This is a very unusual case: First, the lymphoma was intravascular, affecting central and peripheral nervous system and leading to neurological signs. Second, it progressed despite chemotherapy was performed. A very interesting case!

Schirmer Tear Test in cats: New insights
Schirmer Tear Test (STT) is one of the `classic` investigations in animals with eye problems. Now a new question was raised and answered with this brandnew study: Is there a difference in the tear film break-up time beween healthy cats and those with conjunctivitis?

Research program for a NCL disease on the University of Missouri
Tibetan terriers are a breed that is known to be affected by neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL), a neurologic disease with a human equivalent called Batten disease. The owned dogs are contributing to a canine DNA bank for research on the currently incurable, fatal disease. The American Kennel Club Canine Health Foundation, the Batten Disease Support and Research Association, and Research to Prevent Blindness, Inc. has funded the research program.

Funisitis associated with leptospiral infection in a horse
Funisitis, inflammation of the umbilical cord, is well recognized in human placentas and not very common in horses. And Leptospira infections in horses are well-known to be involved in chronic eye infections. A very informative case report of a funisitis associated with leptospiral infection in the placenta of a Thoroughbred foal born prematurely.

Lasers in canine corneal diseases
The use of different laser types has become a standard in the therapy of numerous eye diseases in men. In dogs, this procedure is less common. Which important points need to be considered in this species, and which laser is the best? A very interesting summary.

Malignant B-cell lymphoma of the Harder`s gland in a rabbit (case report)
Exophthalmos in rabbits is a rather common problem which can be due to several reasons. The most common is a retrobulbar abscess, often caused by dental problems. But as this interesting case report shows, also other differentials must be considered!

Identification of Encephalitozoon cuniculi in phacoclastic uveitis
Encephalitozoon cuniculi is a microsporidium with a wide range of mammalian hosts. In rabbits it can be responsible for cataract and lens-induced uveitis (LIU). Sometimes the organism is hard to identify. In this study, specific immunohistochemical demonstration and localization of E. cuniculi within the eye in rabbits with LIU was provided. Very interesting!

Superficial keratectomy and cryosurgery for equine limbal neoplasms
An interesting new combination to treat limbal neoplasms in horses. Is it useful and how is the clinical outcome? An interesting new technique, performed in 13 horses, gives promising results at least for smaller limbal tumours - and does not require expensive equipment or very difficult surgical technique!

Aqueous tacrolimus solution in canine KCS
Keratoconjunctivitis sicca (KCS) is a common problem in certain dog breeds. Years ago the only effective therapy was the subconjunctival injection of corticosteroids followed by topical steroids combined with artificial tears, and the discovery of cyclosporin A offered a very important and effective alternative in the therapy of this chronic eye problems. How effective is tacrolimus, which acts similar to cyclosporin A and is used a lot now in canine medicine?

Laser application in canine corneal diseases
The use of different lasers has become very popular in human medicine of the last decade. Often the owners ask for this technique if neoplasias especially in the face or on the eyelids have to be removed. This article compares three different lasers which can be used on the canine cornea and gives recommendations for the best indications of each. Very informative!

Tear film break-up before and after anesthesia in cats
Depending from the kind of anesthetics cats require artificial tears. This recently published study gives a whole bunch of new information regarding the tear film break-up in healthy cats before and after general anesthesia. Important to know before the next cat comes in for routine surgery!

CO2-Laser for Meibomian gland adenomas in dogs
Meibomian gland adenomas are common neoplasias in older dogs which often require surgical excision. Various techniques have been described during the last decades. Is the CO2 laser a good choice? It seems so!

Postoperative complications of lens surgery in dogs
Lens surgery has become a standard therapy in veterinary ophthalmology. Different surgical procedures have been described. This interesting publication describes the most common complications, basing on 140 cataract extractions...

Polycythemia Vera in a Dog With Uveitis
Uveitis is a fairly common problem in dogs - but who thinks that a dog presented with `red eyes` suffers from polycythemia vera? This interesting case report shows that one should always examine the whole dog, not only the eyes!

Spontaneous chronic defects of the corneal epithelium in dogs
This problem is well-known in certain breeds, especially in brachycephalic dogs like pugs, boxers and so on. But any breed can be affected, this is one of the surprising results of this brandnew study. Which therapy is the best?

Arterial hypertension and the cat�s eye
The consequences of hypertension have been underestimated in veterinary medicine over many years. In the last couple years we understand more and more the problems raising with hypertension, e.g. kidney damage. This excellent article shows another organ getting in trouble with hypertension: the eye.

Bilateral nodular lymphocytic conjunctivitis in a horse
Bilateral conjunctivitis is not unusual in horses and often it is caused by allergy. But in this recently published case report, the animal suffers from a bilateral nodular lymphocytic conjunctivitis. The diagnosis and therapy are very interesting!

Feline herpesvirus DNA and Chlamydophila felis antigen detection rates in healthy and affected cats
Ocular changes sometimes leeding to severe ocular damages like corneal sequestration are commonly seen in cats infected either with feline herpesvirus or Chlamydophila felis. Diagnosis of both organisms can be difficult. Are there some hints from cytology and how reliable is the examination of eye swabs from affected versus healthy cats with the most sensitive diagnostic techniques? A very interesting study from Vienna!

Topical pimecrolimus in canine KCS
Keratoconjuctivitis sicca (KCS) is a common eye disease in certain breeds. The most popular current therapy consists is the application of a topical cyclosporin A-preparation. In dermatology, other cyclosporin-relatives like tacrolimus or pimecrolimus are used topically for months or even years with good results. Is pimecrolimus also a new alternative in the eye?

Immunohistochemistry in dogs with VKH-like syndrome
Vogt-Koyanagi-Harada (VKH)-like syndrome or uveodermatological syndrome (UVD) occurs in certain breeds and is characterized by a severe autoaggression directed against melanocytes. This brandnew study of tissues of 2 dogs shows very interesting news - the cell response of eye and skin is different which might explain the clinical difference in the level of inflammation!

Posterior capsule disruption during phacoemulsification
Phacoemulsification is one of the routine techniques in canine eye surgery. This recently published article evaluates dates of 143 dogs to determine the incidence of posterior capsule disruption during surgery and associated postoperative complication rates in dogs undergoing routine phacoemulsification.

0.2% brimonidine tartrate in the glaucomatous Beagle
Glaucoma is a common problem in dogs, showing also marked breed predilections. In this study, the effect of 0.2% brimonidine tartrate applicated one to three times daily was evaluated. It is effective, but side effects must be considered and therefore it should be combined with other drugs.

Orally administered hydrocortisone and the intraocular pressure
Oral application of short acting corticosteroids is vey often indicated in canine medicine. How high is the risk for a nonglaucomatous dog to develop an iatrogenic glaucoma under oral steroid therapy? A very important question. One result of this recently published study: hydrocortisone seems to be no problem for the eye pressure.

Effects of trimethoprim-sulfadiazine on tear production in horses
Trimethoprim-sulfonamide-combinations belong to the most popular antibacterial drugs. Some side effects like decreasing the production of thyroid hormones are well known. Do they also decrease the tear production? And do horses show fluctuations in their tear production during the year? Both questions are evaluated in this brand new study!

Intravascular lymphoma in a dog (case report)
Lymphomas belong to the most common and also most aggressive neoplasias in dogs. But in this animal, the signs are very unusual and consist in both neurological and hematological problems. Also uncommon: the diagnosis was made antemortem...

Quickert-Rathbun technique for entropion correction in dogs
Correction of entropion is one of the most commonly performed surgeries in small animal practice, also done by non-ophthalmologists. The cosmetic results are not always satisfactory. Is this new technique with a fornix-based suture placement an alternative to the `classic` correction techniques?

Phaco chop technique for cataract surgery in dogs
Cataract surgery is a standard procedure in men and for some years also in dogs. This excellent article gives an overview about experiences with the phaco chop technique, a bimanual phacoemulsification technique to remove cataracts, which is performed for more than 10 years now.

Surgical contamination of the anterior chamber during lens surgery
Cataract phacoemulsification and intraocular lens implantation are routine surgical procedures is small animal practice. How high is the risk of intraoperative contamination of the anterior chamber with viable microorganisms and does it perhaps correspond with the patient´s extraocular and nasal cavity floras? Interesting questions, raised and answered in this brand-new article!

Preventive retinopexy in Bichon Frises Dogs
Bichon Frises are known to be one of the breeds with the highest risk to develop juvenile cataract and subsequent retinal detachment. Based on this, the authors raised the question whether a prophylactic random transscleral retinopexy (PRTR) would be effective to prevent rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD) in the Bichon Frise with juvenile cataract.

Intravitreal membranes associated with intraocular hemorrhage in dogs
Intraviteal membranes are sometimes diagnosed in dogs. In this study the predisposing conditions in five globes were determined with different histological and immunohistochemical techniques. One result: Intraviteal hemorrhage was found in all cases.

Fungal flora in healthy horse eyes
If Aspergillus or Penicillium species are isolated from eye samples, normally a therapy is started. But how often can these fungi be isolated from normal eyes of healthy horses? In Brazil, 32 horses were examined. The result: About one third of them has Aspergillus in the conjunctival sac, and also other fungi are much more common than previously thought.

Prevalence of secondary glaucomas in North America
This study is one of the biggest ever performed: more than 1,5 million dogs in North America were included and observed for secondary glaucoma due to cataract formation, lens luxation or displacement, cataract surgery, uveitis, hyphema and intraocular neoplasia. A study covering 40 years and offering excellent insights in breed predispositions!

Analysis of feline corneal sequesters
Corneal sequesters are sometimes diagnosed in cats, characterized by brown to black discoloration of the cornea. The nature of the discoloration has not been identified. Therefore, a laboratory study using several techniques was performed to clearify the nature of these subjects. The nature of the discoloration is melanin!

Acute vision loss following tick-borne encephalitis
This currently published case-report describes an uncommon cause of acute vision loss in a young dog: It is thought to be due to optic neuritis following viral tick-borne encephalitis. Thus, in endemic areas this possibility should be added to the differentials of acute vision loss.

Feline hemangiosarkoma of the third eyelid
In this case report, a 15-year-old Domestic Short-haired cat is described. A small red mass protruding from the anterior surface of the third eyelid in the left eye was present. The clinical signs were non-diagnostic, the surgical therapy was curative.

Histopathology in primary glaucomas of Norwegian Elkhounds
Primary glaucomas in Norwegian Elkhounds are well-known. In this study, the histopatological changes of 31 eyes are described. This breed tends to develop a pectinate ligament dysplasia and/or trabecular meshwork dysplasia as well as a cystic degeneration of the iridociliary epithelial and/or peripheral retina.

Early retinopathy in French Bernese Mountain Dogs
Hereditary eye diseases are described in many breeds. This recently published study from France describes more than 60 Bernese Mountain Dogs with a special kind of early retinopathy with a degeneration of photoreceptors. Pedigree analysis might support a familial transmission.

Hereditary eye diseases in Miniature Schnauzers
Hereditary eye problems are described in many breeds. This new study about inherited retinal dysplasia and persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous in more than 100 Miniature Schnauzers gives an overview about clinical signs and etiology.

Lens morphometry of the normal and cataractous canine lens
Cataracts are a common problem in aging dogs, and some breeds are thought to have a genetic predisposition. In this study, axial lens thickness, anterior chamber depth and axial globe length were evaluated in canine eyes with normal lenses and in eyes with immature, mature, congenital, posterior polar and diabetic cataract by B-mode ultrasonography.

Update in prevalence of primary glaucomas in pure-bred dogs
How is the prevalence of glaucomas in pure-bred dogs, which breeds are affected, is there any change in the last 40 years and so on: This large, retrospective study gives lots of interesting informations about primary glaucoma (glaucoma-NOS) from 1964 to 2002.

Progressive anterior uveitis in Golden Retrievers
For various reasons, golden retrievers are one of the most popular breeds. This article describes ocular signs and clinical course of the `Golden Retriever Uveitis` - a disease which seems to be underdiagnosed...

Breed differences on Schirmer tear test
The Schirmer tear test is one of the standard parameters in every eye examination. A group from Colorado evaluated if there were breed specific differences in healthy dogs and how topical anesthesia might also influence the results.

Long-term effect of removal of third eyelid in dogs
The removal of the third eyelid in `Cherry eye` and other diseases is still sometimes performed although it is no longer recommended. A group from Japan evaluated the effect of this surgery for a one year-period. Multiple alterations were still discovered after this time...

Incidence of spontaneous cataracts in laboratory rabbits
Spontaneous cataracts are commonly seen in rabbits in the daily practice. In this study, nearly 1000 laboratory rabbits were examined to document the occurrence and incidence of spontaneously occurring cataracts in older New Zealand White (NZW) and New Zealand White New Zealand Red (NZW NZR - F1) rabbits during prescreening examinations at Alcon Laboratories.

Tell a friend

Keep an eye on this:

Veterinary Ophthalmology: HAWK EYE portable digital slit lamp by DIOPTRIX

Drug delivery in the canine and equine eye

Breed predisposition for spontaneous cataracts

Symmetrical proliferative keratitis in one cat (case report)

Histoplasma-induced keratitis in a horse

Sudden blindness in a dog (case report)

The effect of the removal of the third eyelid gland on the ocular surface of dogs

Content Management System